ABSTRACT
Cervical branchial cleft cysts are uncommon lesion that are developed from remnants of branchial apparatus in embryonal period. These cysts are found in infancy, childhood and adult by recurrent symptoms related to inflammation. It is difficult to find these cysts with antenatal ultrasonography and differential diagnosis from other cervical cysts is difficult too. We experienced a case of fetal cervical branchial cleft cyst that was found with antenatal ultrasonography and diagnosed with surgical biopsy, so we report our case with brief review of literatures.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Biopsy , Branchial Region , Branchioma , Diagnosis, Differential , Fetus , InflammationABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were designed to determine that serum soluble Fas and Fas ligand levels are altered in women with preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome, and to assess the expression of placental Fas and Fas ligand in women with preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome. METHODS: Blood samples were obtained from 31 women with normal pregnancy, 27 women with preeclampsia and five women with HELLP syndrome. Serum Fas/Fas ligand levels were measured by enzyme linked immunoassay. Immunohistochemical stain with polyclonal antibodies of Fas/Fas ligand were used to identify apoptosis. Mann-Whitney test, x2 test, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Both soluble Fas ligand and Fas were detected in the sera of normal pregnancy, preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome. The mean serum level of soluble Fas was 5.83+/-0.37 U/mL in women with normal pregnancy, 10.84+/-0.93 U/mL in women with preeclampsia, and 10.79+/-00.69 U/mL in women with LELLP syndrome. The mean serum level of soluble Fas ligand was 0.59+/-0.03 U/mL in women with normal pregnancy, 0.51+/-0.21 U/mL in women with preeclampsia, and 0.60+/-0.01 U/mL in women with LELLP syndrome. The mean serum levels of soluble Fas were significantly higher in women with preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome than in women with normal pregnancy, but those of Fas ligand were no significant difference in each group. Apoptosis was conclusively demonstrated within placental tissue. The immunohistochemical analysis of Fas revealed diffuse immunoreactive stains were increased in women with preeclampsia than in women with normal pregnancy. But the immunohistochemical analysis of Fas ligand revealed diffuse immunoreactive stains were decreased in women with preeclampsia than in women with normal pregnancy. CONCLUSION: Placental apoptosis and altered expression of Fas and Fas ligand in trophoblast might influence the pathogenesis or pathophysiologic mechanism of preeclamsia. Elevated serum soluble Fas levels is associated with preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome. The source of elevated serum soluble Fas in preeclampsia and HELLP snydrome remains to be determined.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Antibodies , Apoptosis , Coloring Agents , Fas Ligand Protein , HELLP Syndrome , Immunoassay , Placenta , Pre-Eclampsia , TrophoblastsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of resveratrol on cell proliferation and cell cycle progression in the human uterine leiomyoma cells. METHODS: MTS [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium] reduction assay was carried out to determine the viability of human uterine leiomyoma cells. Western blot analysis was done using anti pRB, anti-p21cip1/waf1, anti-p53, anti-cyclin E, anti CDK2 antibodies to detect the presence and expression of these proteins in treatment with resveratrol. DNA fragmentation assay was done to find the rate of apoptosis. Cell cycle analysis for resveratrol treated in human uterine leiomyoma cells was done by FACS (fluorescence-activated cell sorter) analysis. RESULTS: Resveratrol induced growth inhibition in a dose dependent manner, treatment with 100 ?M/L resveratrol blocked 30% cell growth. From Western blot analysis it revealed resveratrol induced the expression of p53 increasing. Caspase pathway was activated and cleavage of PARP was occurred. Apoptosis took place but in a reduced manner. FACS results showed that resveratrol increased the percentage of cells in sub G1 phase. CONCLUSION: Resveratrol, a dietry phytoalexin, inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest at sub G1 by enhancing the production of p53. These results indicate that resveratrol will be a promising agent chemopreventives or therapeutics against human uterine leiomyoma cells.
Subject(s)
Humans , Antibodies , Apoptosis , Blotting, Western , Cell Cycle , Cell Cycle Checkpoints , Cell Proliferation , DNA Fragmentation , G1 Phase , LeiomyomaABSTRACT
Primary pulmonary hypertension is a rare disorder and rarely present in pregnant woman, but it make high risk of maternal morbidity and mortality. When a woman with subclinical primary pulmonary hypertension is pregnant, physiologic increase in maternal plasma volume aggravates pulmonary pressure cause cardiac arrest and maternal death. We diagnosed primary pulmonary hypertension in a pregnant woman who didn't present any symptoms before pregnancy but had dyspnea from 2nd trimester of gestation. She expired due to sudden aggravation of pulmonary overloading. We reports this case with brief review of literature.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Dyspnea , Heart Arrest , Hypertension, Pulmonary , Maternal Death , Mortality , Plasma Volume , Pregnant WomenABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to evaluate potential efficacy of selective estrogen receptor modulators (raloxifene and tamoxifen) to human uterine leiomyoma cells. METHODS: The samples were collected from ten hysterectomized specimen. we evaluated the estrogen-responsive growth of human uterine leiomyoma and normal myometrial cells. The potential efficacy of Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs: raloxifene and tamoxifen) to human uterine leiomyoma cells were conducted by MTS, cell count assay and Western-blot. RESULTS: Human uterine leiomyoma and normal myometrial cells that expressed estrogen receptor (ER) showed increases the cell number in the presence of estrogen compared with ER negative uterine leiomyoma cells. Raloxifene and tamoxifen inhibited estrogen-stimulated proliferation of ER-containing human uterine leiomyoma and normal myometrial cells. Raloxifene was more effective in inhibiting estrogen-induced increases of cell number compared with tamoxifen. CONCLUSION: The effect of SERMs on leiomyoma was inhibited the cell proliferation without apoptosis or cell cycle arrest. These data suggest that SERM should be examined as candidate of nonsurgical therapeutic agents for uterine leiomyoma.
Subject(s)
Humans , Apoptosis , Cell Count , Cell Cycle Checkpoints , Cell Proliferation , Estrogens , Leiomyoma , Raloxifene Hydrochloride , Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators , TamoxifenABSTRACT
This study was carried out to figure out the dietary intake of pregnant women in Daegu area. A total of 467 pregnant women was recruited at two hospitals in this area to collect the information on dietary intakes, general characteristics, and anthropometric measurements using an interview. Forty-seven women (10.1%) were in the first trimester, 101 women (21.6%) in the second trimester, and 319 women (68.3%) in the third trimester. The mean age, prepregnant weight and height of subjects were not significantly different among the trimester groups. The mean daily nutrient intakes of energy, fat, protein, carbohydrates, phosphate, sodium, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, and vitamin C were significantly different among the trimester groups, but the other nutrients were not different. For the calcium and iron, the percentage of subjects consumed less than 75% of the Korean RDA was over 80%, and for other nutrients such as energy, vitamin B1, and vitamin B2 over 50% of subjects consumed less than 75% of the Korean RDA in the first trimester. The correlations between nutrient intakes and weight gain during pregnancy showed different patterns among the trimester groups. The mean adequacy ratio and dietary variety scores were not significantly different among the trimester groups. The amount of food intake from cereals and cereal products were higher during the second and the third trimester compared to the first trimester, but those of the other food groups were not significantly different. In conclusion, nutrient intakes of the pregnant women for iron, calcium and some vitamins were inadequate and nutritional management programs for these nutrients are necessary.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Ascorbic Acid , Calcium , Carbohydrates , Edible Grain , Eating , Iron , Pregnancy Trimester, First , Pregnancy Trimester, Second , Pregnancy Trimester, Third , Pregnant Women , Riboflavin , Sodium , Thiamine , Vitamins , Weight GainABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to compare the thickness and histopathologic changes in the fetal membrane between premature rupture of membranes (PROM) and intact membrane after delivery. METHODS: In a prospective study involving 31 patients who were divided into 4 groups such as or=37 weeks without PROM, and >or=37 weeks with PROM, we measured the thickness of membrane and studied the histopathologic findings in vitro by light microscopy of histological sections. RESULTS: The membrane thickness of or=37 weeks with PROM and >or=37 weeks without PROM were similar (25.6 micrometer, 26.0 micrometer). But the membrane thickness of >or=37 weeks with/without PROM was significantly thinner (25.8 micrometer) compared with that (38.9 micrometer) of or=37 weeks was statistically significant. The histopathologic change of PROM positive group was prominent as amnionitis. Further evaluation will be needed about the relationship between membrane thickness and PROM.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Amnion , Chorioamnionitis , Chorionic Villi , Extraembryonic Membranes , Membranes , Microscopy , Neutrophils , Prospective Studies , RuptureABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to evaluate the changing trends of the incidence and histopathology of female genital malignancies through the three time periods (1975-1984, 1985-1994 and 1995-2000). METHODS: A retrospective review was carried out of all the female genital malignancies with the exception of trophoblastic disease which reported to the Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center between 1975 and 2000. RESULTS: For 26 years (1975-2000), 5,846 cases of the genital malignancies were registered. In the period from 1995 to 2000, the average frequency of cervical cancer was 73.5%, ovarian cancer followed with 15.6%, uterine corpus with 8.7%, vaginal cancer with 1.0%, vulvar cancer with 0.9%, tubal cancer with 0.1%. Third time period (1995-2000) comparing to others (1975-1984, 1985-1994), the frequency of cervical cancer was decreased (93.4% in 1975-1984, 86.0% in 1985-1994) and the incidence of corpus (1.6% in 1975-1984, 3.6% in 1985-1994) and ovarian cancer (2.4% in 1975-1984, 6.3% in 1985-1994) were increased. The most frequent histologic type of cervical cancer was squamous cell carcinoma, and followed by adenocarcinoma. Adenocarcinoma of the cervix showed a gradual increase in incidence (12.4% in 1995-2000, 5.0% in 1975-1984, 8.2% in 1985-1994). The peak age incidence of cervical cancer was noted between 40-49 years. Based on the FIGO staging system for cervical cancer, stage I was most frequent during last 6 years. According to invasiveness of the cervix, the frequency of cervical intraepithelial neoplasm was increased (62.8% in 1995-2000, 25.7% in 1975-1984, 38.4% in 1985-1994). Ovarian cancer was the second most common malignancy and gradually increased. The peak age was 50-59 years. According to histologic subtype, an epithelial ovarian tumor was most frequent. Corpus cancer was the third most common malignancy. The peak age was 50-59 years during the study period and endometrial cancer was most common. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that the frequency of invasive cervical cancer was decreased whereas the incidence of endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer were increased. The frequency of cervical intraepithelial neoplasm was increased compared with invasive cervical cancer.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Adenocarcinoma , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia , Cervix Uteri , Endometrial Neoplasms , Incidence , Ovarian Neoplasms , Retrospective Studies , Trophoblasts , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , Vaginal Neoplasms , Vulvar NeoplasmsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to compare the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in the placenta and umbilical cord of preeclamptic placenta with that of the normotensive placenta. METHOD: We compared placental endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression in preeclamptic (n=5) with in normal (n=5) pregnancies. Frozen sections of umbilical cords, chorionic plate vessels, and terminal villi were immunostained with a monoclonal endothelial nitric oxide synthase antibody. RESULTS: The age revaled no difference between control (28.1+4.2 years). and study group (26.1+4.7 years). The gestational age was statistically different between control (38.9+1.7 weeks) and study group (34.9+3.5 weeks). The neonatal body weight and placental weight were also statistically different between control (3060+528 g) and study group (2160 417 g). No difference in endothelial nitric oxide synthase immunostaining in the endothelium of the umbilical vessels and stem villous vessels was found between preeclamptic and normotensive pregnancies. In contrast, in the preeclamptic placental endothelial nitric oxide synthase immunostaining was seen in the terminal villous vessels. In the syncytiotrophoblast endothelial niric oxide synthase immunostaining appeared primary basal in location and diffuse in distribution in the preeclamptic placentas but primary apical in the normotensive placentas. CONCLUSION: Differences in endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression in terminal villous vessels and syncytiotrophblast may be a result of vascular alterations or damage that take place in the placenta in preeclampsia.
Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Body Weight , Chorion , Endothelium , Frozen Sections , Gestational Age , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III , Nitric Oxide Synthase , Nitric Oxide , Placenta , Pre-Eclampsia , Trophoblasts , Umbilical CordABSTRACT
Premature rupture of membranes(PROM) means the rupture of amniotic membranes at any time prior to labor during the gestational period. The dilemma of correctly diagnosing rupture of the fetal membranes is well known as the consequences of management based on an incorrect diagnosis. This study was undertaken to determine if the measurement of B-hCG levels in the vaginal fluid is useful for the diagnosis of premature rupture of membranes. HCG is synthesized and secreted by the placental syncytiotrophoblast and it is normally found in amniotic fluid, maternal urine and blood. We used B-hCG for diagnosis of PROM to exclude the cross reaction with other hormones. After irrigating the posterior vaginal fornix with 3 ml of sterile saline and obtaining vaginal washings, we measured B-hCG levels. The groups were classified normal group(group I), confirmed PROM group(group II ), and suspicious PROM group(groupIII) during the third trimester. The median and 95% confidence intervals(CIS) of vaginal fluid B-hCG in each group(normal, confirmed PROM, suspicious PROM group) were 30.99mIU/ml(range: 0.32-209.89mIU/ml), 188.61mIU/ml(range: 9.65-2095.00mIU/ml), 69.63mIU/ml(range 4.76-349.56mIU/ml). There was significant difference between normal and confirmed PROM group(p<0.05), sensitivity was 95.00%, specificity 80.00%, positive predictive value 82.60%, negative predictive value 94.12%, and accuracy 87.50%, using threshold value of 60mIU/ml. There was significant difference between normal and suspicious PROM group(p<0.05) but the result of the B-hCG was not used in the obstetric decision. In terms of these results, the B-hCG level in vaginal fluid is a useful marker of PROM during the third trimester. A new technic is proposed to confirm the diagnosis of rupture of the membranes based on the introduction of B-hCG in vaginal fluid.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Amnion , Amniotic Fluid , Cross Reactions , Diagnosis , Extraembryonic Membranes , Membranes , Pregnancy Trimester, Third , Rupture , Sensitivity and Specificity , TrophoblastsABSTRACT
The pathogenesis of thrombocytopenia in the gestational thrombocytopenia is not understood.This syndrome may represent either the de novo development of ITP or an accelerationof the physiologic pattern of increased platelet destruction that occurs during gestation. Thisdisorder is not easily distinguishable from classical ITP. However, the recognition and diagnosisof this syndrome is important because infants born to individuals with gestational thrombocytopeniaappear to have a markedly reduced risk of developing thrombocytopenia when comparedto infants born to patients with a history of ITP antedating pregnancy. We represent a caseof delivery in severe gestational thrombocytopenia with brief review of the literature.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Pregnancy , Blood Platelets , ThrombocytopeniaABSTRACT
A 45-Year-old para 1-0-1-1 had submucosal myoma diagnosed by ultrasonogram and hysteroscopic examination. During 60 minutes hysteroscopic myomectomy, 8,000 ml of sorbitol-mannitol distention medium was used and 6,500 ml collected, resulting in a deficit of 1,500 ml. The patient received Ringer`s lactate 1,000 ml intravenously. Her urine output was 400 ml. Blood loss was 40 ml. After operation, hyponatremia(115 mEq/L) was developed and pulmonary edema was also diagnosed clinically at that time and later confirmed by chest radiograph. The judicious administration of diuretics and normal saline fluid replacement to prevent overcorrection to hypernatremia resulted in return of serum electrolytes to normal level and resolution of the pulmonary edema by postoperative day 1. We have experienced a case of pulmonary edema during hysteroscopic myomectomy with sorbitol-mannitol distention medium, which is presented with a brief review of literatures.
Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Diuretics , Electrolytes , Hypernatremia , Hyponatremia , Lactic Acid , Myoma , Pulmonary Edema , Radiography, Thoracic , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Female , Pregnancy , Laparoscopy , Methotrexate , Pregnancy, EctopicABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Female , Pregnancy , Amniocentesis , Cerclage, Cervical , Labor Stage, FirstABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Hepatitis B virus , Hepatitis B , HepatitisABSTRACT
To study the risk factors associated with maternal HBsAg carrier and the effects of maternal HBs antigenemia on the neonatal health, sera of 729 pergnant women admitted to the Keimyung University Hospital for delivery during the period of February 1-May 30, 1982 were tested for HBsAg by RPHA method and for anti-HBs by PHA method. Among them 43 women (5.9%) had HBsAg and 246 women (33.7%) had anti-HBs giving an infection rate of 39.6%. The interview data for 43 HBsAg positive mothers and randomly selected 210 HBsAg negative mothers showed a statistically significant association between acupuncture history and HBsAg positive rate (p<0.005) which suggest that acupuncture might have contributed significantly to the propagation of viral hepatitis in Korea. The living standard of HBsAg positive mothers was generally lower than that of HBsAg negative mothers which supports the hypothesis that environmental factors are associated with viral hepatitis B infection. None of the 43 neonates born to HBsAg positive mothers had HBsAg in their cord blood. Three months after birth, 35 out of 43 infants were retested and only one infant became HBsAg positive. At six months of age, 32 out of 35 infants were retested and none of them were HBsAg positive except the same infant who was positive at three months. Among 20 control infants of HBsAg negative mothers, all of them were HBsAg negative at three and six months follow-up. These findings are not consistent with the supposition that perinatal infection is a main route of viral hepatitis B transmission in south-east Asia including Korea. HBsAg positive mothers had significantly higher rate of premature delivery (27.9%) than HBsAg negative mothers (11.7%) (p<0.05). Also, the low birthweight incidence rate was higher among HBsAg positive mothers (23.3%) than negative mothers (14.1%) but this was not statistically significant (p=0.16). The premature rupture of membrane was more frequent among HBsAg positive mothers (25.5%) than negative mothers (11.1%) (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in the stillbirth rate and incidence of congenital anomalies between HBsAg positive and negative groups. It was not clarified in this study due to small sample size whether higher incidence of premature delivery and premature rupture of membranes among HBsAg positive mothers was due to HBs antigenemia per se or their lower living standard than HBsAg negative mothers.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Acupuncture , Asia , Fetal Blood , Follow-Up Studies , Hepatitis , Hepatitis B , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens , Incidence , Korea , Membranes , Mothers , Parturition , Risk Factors , Rupture , Sample Size , Socioeconomic Factors , StillbirthABSTRACT
Thymic size can be affected by both exogenous and endogenous glucocorticoids. Development of the respiratory distress syndrom (RDS) is influenced by adernal cortical function. thus, thymic size in RDS is considered to been larged due to decreased adrenal cortical function. To find whether the presence of RDS correlates with thethymus, the size and shape of the thymus were evaluated in the radiographs of premature infants with RDS, without RDS(control prematurity) and normal infants. The subjects were consisted of chest films of Korean premature infants, 120 with RDS, 60 without RDS, and 60 of normal infants taken at the Departement of Radiology, Our Lady of Mercy Hospital during the period of 62 months since January 1978. Relative size of the thymus was determined bycardiothymic/thoracic ratio(CT/T ratio). Grading and locaiton of the thymic prominence as well as incidence of the shape were examined. And all the relations among the radiographs of RDS, control prematurity and normal infants were analyzed. The results were as follows; 1. The CT/T ratio of premature infants with RDS was significantly greater than that of control prematurity and normal infants (P<0.01). 2. The incidence of bilateral thymicprominence was more frequent in premature infants with RDS than in control prematurity and normal infants(P<0.05).3. The frequency of thymic prominence was greater in the right than left side in all the three groups (P<0.05). 4.As in the shape of the thymus, a rounded type was most frequent, and a triangular type was least frequent in allthe three groups. 5. Incedence of RDS was very low(9.8%) when the CT/T ratio is below 0.3 and it was very high(90.9%) when the CT/T ratio is above 0.49.